Chitosan silver nanocomposites

Chitosan-silver nanocomposites ? modern antibacterial materials

8_2013

Chitosan-silver nanocomposites ? modern antibacterial materials

Chitosan-silver nanocomposites ? modern antibacterial materials

Anna REGIEL, Agnieszka KYZIOŁ ? Faculty of Chemistry, Coordination and Bioinorganic Physicochemistry Group, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland; Manuel ARRUEBO ? Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanoscience Institute of Aragon (INA); Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, E-50018 Zaragoza, Spain

Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 8, 683?692

Abstract:

One of the most threatening problem of nowadays civilization are bacterial infections. Often unjustified administration of antibiotics have forced bacterial strains to develop evolutionary adaptations which make them more resistant for traditional drugs. Recently hybrid materials, based on silver nanoparticles and biodegradable polymers (e.g. chitosan), have gathered much of scientists attention. In this paper we summarize current achievements of chitosan-silver nanocomposites efficacy in bacterial infection control.

Keywords: chitosan, silver nanoparticles, antibacterial activity

Introduction

Nowadays there is a great interest in BioNanoMaterials with antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains (MDR-multidrug resistance). Most of conventional antibiotics are not effective anymore. Sometimes mutations, which induce the resistance acquiring, are caused by inconsistent and excessive antibiotics administration. One of the bacterial adaptations is biofilm formation, which constitutes a specific barrier between cells and environmental conditions. Biofilm forming prevents biocide activity of currently applied antibiotics. Compact structure of polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids protects bacteria colonies against adverse conditions [1]. As a consequence of increasing resistance, chronic bacterial infections are more often observed (post-operative wounds infections, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, endocarditis etc.). Multidrug resistance has become a global problem, mostly because of the ease of causal pathogens spreading. The ECDE/EMEA (the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control/the European Medicines Agency) report has pinpointed the most dangerous, antibiotics-resistant bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus MRSA (methacillin resistance), Staphylococcus aureus VISA/VRSA (vancomycin intermediate resistance, vancomycin resistance). Infections induced by these strains often lead to death of many patients [2]. Searching for new therapeutic agents capable to work against resistant bacterial strains is one of the most important challenges for nowadays science. Application of nanotechnology in creating new biomaterials provides new solutions mainly because of small dimensions of the created systems. One of the most effective and promising materials are nanocomposites based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and chitosan.

Source: www.chemikinternational.com
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